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The Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) program is a long-term oceanographic study based at the University of Hawaii at Manoa. In 2015, the American Society for Microbiology designated the HOT Program's field site Station ALOHA a "Milestone in Microbiology", for playing "a key role in defining the discipline of microbial oceanography and educating the public about the vital role of marine microbes in global ecosystems."〔 (American Society for Microbiology designates Ocean Station ALOHA as a Milestones in Microbiology site ), ''American Society for Microbiology'', Oct 27, 2015〕 Scientists working on the Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) program have been making repeated observations of the hydrography, chemistry and biology of the water column at a station north of Oahu, Hawaii since October 1988.〔TenBruggencate, Jan.("Saltier seas in drought raise alarm" ), ''Honolulu Advertiser'', August 13, 2003〕 The objective of this research is to provide a comprehensive description of the ocean at a site representative of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre.〔Karl, D. M. and Lukas, R. (1996) The Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT) program: Background, rationale and field implementation. ''Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography'' 43, 129–156〕 Cruises are made approximately once per month to the deep-water Station ALOHA (A Long-Term Oligotrophic Habitat Assessment; () located 100 km north of Oahu, Hawaii. Measurements of the thermohaline structure, water column chemistry, currents, optical properties, primary production, plankton community structure, and rates of particle export are made on each cruise. The HOT program also uses autonomous underwater vehicles, including floats and gliders, to collect data at Station ALOHA between cruises.〔Altonn, Helen. (Scientists hope to solve mystery of algae blooms in open ocean ), ''Honolulu Star-Advertiser'', Jul 18, 2010〕 ==Overview== HOT was founded to understand the processes controlling the fluxes of carbon and associated bioelements in the ocean and to document changes in the physical structure of the water column. To achieve this, the HOT program has several specific goals: :1. Quantify temporal (seasonal to decadal) changes in reservoirs and fluxes of carbon and associated bioelements (nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and silicon). :2. Identify processes controlling air-sea carbon exchange, rates of carbon transformation through the planktonic food web, and fluxes of carbon into the ocean. :3. Form a multi-decadal baseline based on the gathered data that will allow researchers to decipher natural and anthropogenic influences on the NPSG ecosystem. :4. Provide scientific and logistical support to other scientific programs that benefit from the research and services performed by the HOT program. This includes projects implementing, testing, and validating new methodologies, models, and transformative ocean sampling technologies.〔Project: Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT): Sustaining ocean ecosystem and climate observations in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre, (), ''BCO-DMO'', November, 2012〕 The dissolved inorganic carbon data set that has been accumulated over the course of the HOT program shows the increase of carbon dioxide in the surface waters of the Pacific and subsequent acidification of the ocean.〔Pala, Christopher.("Toil and Trouble" ), ''Honolulu Weekly'', Apr 21, 2010〕 The data collected by these cruises are available online. The 200th cruise of the HOT program was in 2008.〔(UH ocean research program reaches milestone ) "'UH Manoa News'" February 25, 2008〕 HOT recently celebrated its 25th year in operation, with the 250th research cruise occurring in March 2013. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Hawaii Ocean Time-series」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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